自考英语二课程
同学们好！自考英语备考之英语(二)题型大解析终于迎来最终篇，第七部分也是考题中占分比重最大，最让人心生畏惧的——短文写作。
短文写作共计30分，该部分主要考查考生的书面表达能力，要求根据所给情境写出不少于150词的文章，提供情境的形式有图画、图表、文字等。我们需要根据话题进行描述，正确反映自己的观点，用词恰当，表达通顺。
一、写作步骤
01审题
所谓审题，就是审清作文的要求和所给的材料，如图表说明、关键词、段首句、提纲等等。审题是写作的第一步，也是文章成功的关键所在之一。在考试之中，由于时间仓促，心情紧张，匆忙审题，造成离题万里的现象，是否审清了题意甚至是你整场考试成败的关键！
02提纲
很多同学说写提纲太浪费时间了，其实提纲就是一个梗概，你只需要围绕主题的中心思想，简单罗列一系列相关的词句、短语等等，正式写的是再进行扩充和展开。
03成文
文章的组织结构：一定要按所列提纲写。一般分为开头、正文、结尾3部分。
（1）开头；如引语法、主题句法、提问法、事例法、描述法等
常用句式：
① There is an old/popular saying /proverb which says /goes…
② Nowadays more and morepeople are beginning to be aware of the importance/ seriousness of …
③There are differentopinions among people as to …Some believe … Others, however, disagree with it.They think…④….has been playing anincreasingly important role in our day-to-day life. It has brought us a ofbenefits but has created some serious problems as well.
⑤ One of our ancientphilosophers said, …Chinese people have always been holding this idea to beone of their standards of morality.
(2) 主体： 要注意启承转合，常用句型
① On the contrary, thereare some people in favor of … They believe …Moreover, they think…
② There are many ways to …..First, _____. Second _____. Finally, ______.
③Confronted with______,we should take a series of effective measures to _____. For one thing, ____.For another, ______. Finally, _______. (也可用于结尾)
④Although the popular belief is a fact, acurrent study(survey/investigation) indicates that…
(3) 结尾
总结文章的主要内容，或者提出希望或展望未来，或者对文章提出的观点进行反问，启发读者思考。如：An open Chinahas realized the importance of business. Why should we give up this opportunityand rely on agriculture?
常用句型：
① From what has beendiscussed /mentioned above, we may conclude that…
② Therefore, it is notdifficult to draw /come to the conclusion that….
③ Only in this way/ indoing so, can sth. be really ….
④ Given the reasons/consideration I have just outlined/ discussed/ presented, I strongly recommend that …
无论是何种类型，英语（二）作文基本上是三段式作文，根据不同的类型，三段的写法不同。所用的模式也不同。
二、中高频短文类型
1、情景作文/短文应征（高频）
01例文：请根据所提供材料中的要求完成一篇 100 词左右的英语短文。并将短文写在答题纸相应的位置上。某英文报社正在举办题为“Exercise Every Day” 的征文活动。请就此题目写一 篇英文短文应征，内容包括：坚持锻炼有哪些好处 ？你能否坚持每天锻炼？
Nowadays, having sports is becoming more and more popular. As we know, a person who keeps on taking exercises regularly will keep fit and live a happy life. My favorite sports is playing basketball．After school I usually spend half an hour on it，which not only builds up my body but also makes me refreshed. Playing basketball helps me relax after a period of exhausting study and improves my study efficiency. Besides，through the game，I have learned the spirit of teamwork．It is also a good way for me to make new friends．In short，playing basketball enriches my life and makes me more confident．Come on! Let’s do sports together and enjoy a healthy life!
2、应用作文（中频）
02例文：请根据所提供材料中的要求完成一篇 100 词左右的英语短文。你的好友 Lucky 过生日，邀请你的朋友 Tom来参加，以你的名义，你的名字叫 Li Ke。要求：100 词以上，时间，地点你来定。
答案：Dear Tom, We’re throwing a surprise party for Lucky’s birthday. We’d like to invite you to the party. We want to give her a surprise, so please keep quiet about it. We’ll gather at the Students’ Club at 8 p.m. this Friday, after the evening classes. And it’ s going to last about an hour. We each will prepare a little present. When she comes, we’ll light the candles and sing “Happy Birthday” together for her. Then the cake will be cut and we’ll sing songs and play games. It’ll be nice to see how excited she will be. I’m sure you’ll have a good time at the party, too.
Yours Sincerely, Li Ke
3、议论文（中频）
03例文：请根据所提供材料中的要求完成一篇 100 词左右的英语短文。并将短文写在答题纸相应的 位置上。假设你暑假参加了你所在社区组织的义工(volunteer)活动。请给你的美国朋友 Tom 写一封英文电子邮件，与他分享你的感想。内容包括：
1.你做了什么义工工作
2.你认为做义工的意义是什么
3.请以 Li Ke 署名
答案：Dear Tom, I have been a volunteer in 2010 Shanghai EXPO, it was really an unforgettable experience. Although volunteer’s work was hard and tired I still feel very happy cause it offers me a good opportunity to help visitors from foreign counties thus can practice my oral English. I also enhance my sense of reasonability during volunteer work. I worked with other volunteers as a team, together we solved different problems, we also became good friends after EXPO. I was proud of myself and surely I will treasure this experience.
Yours Li Ke 2017.04.20
三、评分标准
第一档 25-30 分：圆满完成了试题规定的任务。
● 清楚地表达了全部内容要点。
● 运用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务要求。
● 语言运用较为准确、恰当。
第二档 19-24 分：完成了试题规定的任务。
● 清楚的表达了全部或关键内容要点。
● 运用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的基本要求。
● 语言运用基本正确，虽有小错，但不影响理解。
第三档 13-18 分：基本完成了试题规定的任务。
● 提及了关键内容要点（可能漏掉了个别内容）。
● 运用的语法机构和词汇满足了任务的最低要求。
● 存在一些语言错误，但基本不影响理解。
第四档 7-12分：完成了一部分试题规定的任务。
● 遗漏或未能清楚表达内容要点。
● 语法结构和词汇单调。
● 语言错误较多，部分错误影响理解。
第五档 1-6分：未完成试题规定的任务。
● 明显遗漏内容要点。
● 语法结构和词汇及单调。
● 语言错误很多，严重影响理解。
0分：所表达的信息或所用语言太少，无法评价；所写内容与题目要求完全无关。
写作的本质是输出，而背单词学语法等等却都是在输入。因此，要想真正提高英文写作能力，仅有输入而没有一定强度的输出训练是万万不可的！积累自己的写作词库，词库里每一个单词的每一条用法都了如指掌。在写作中首选使用词库里的表达，反反复复练习。到最后，任何一篇文章，你都可以用自己丰富的经验，拿到高分！
